Syncope means sudden loss of consciousness which lasts for seconds or few minutes; it usually occurs due to decreased cerebral blood flow.

Syncope is usually preceded by clinical signs just few seconds before fainting; they include:

• Facial pallor.

• Heavy sweating.

• Dizziness.
• Nausea and sometimes vomiting.

The actual cause of syncope is sudden decrease in blood flow to the brain tissue, which is caused by many factors such as:

1. Cardiovascular problems such as; severe hypotension, arrhythmia, heart failure, myocardial infarction, atrial or ventricular fibrillation, vascular problems… etc.
2. Severe dehydration.
3. Sunstroke.
4. Severe anemia and malnutrition.
5. Frequent physical or emotional stress.
6. Severe hypoglycemia (decreased blood glucose level).

It's advised when you feel dizzy; you should lie on your back and raise your legs upwards immediately to increase cerebral blood flow. Also blood pressure and blood glucose level should be checked as well as drinking plenty of water and fluids.

On the other hand, frequent occurrence of syncope requires medical consultation for detecting the cause and managing it properly.